Back pain has several possible causes and is often non-specific. Staying active within tolerance, adjusting aggravating tasks and gradually rebuilding strength are usually more helpful than prolonged bed rest.
Knee pain can arise from arthritis, tendon problems, injuries or other conditions. The pattern of swelling, stiffness, instability and activity-related pain helps guide assessment and treatment.
Diabetic neuropathy is nerve damage associated with diabetes. It may affect sensation, strength, balance or automatic body functions. Care combines diabetes management, foot protection, appropriate pain treatment and rehabilitation.
A muscle cramp is a sudden involuntary contraction that is often painful. Cramps may occur during activity or at rest. Recurrent symptoms deserve assessment, especially when accompanied by swelling, weakness or medication changes.
Heel pain may come from the plantar fascia, Achilles tendon, heel fat pad, bone or nerves. First-step pain under the heel is common in plantar fasciopathy, but the exact cause should be assessed before choosing exercises.
Tennis elbow is pain around the outer elbow, commonly linked to loading of the wrist-extensor tendons. It can affect people who do not play tennis. Treatment usually involves activity adjustment and gradual strengthening.
Hip pain may be felt in the groin, outer hip or buttock and may come from the joint, tendons, surrounding tissues or the back. Assessment helps distinguish these causes and guide rehabilitation.
